What Is A Savings Account? Definition, How It Works

What is a savings account?

A savings account is a basic type of deposit account at banks and credit unions that enables you to earn interest on your money. 

You don’t need a large amount to open a savings account, and once you do, you’ll have easy access to your money for when you need it.  

Why you need a savings account

• Savings accounts are a smart place for your emergency fund or savings for shorter-term goals, such as a vacation or home repair. They keep your savings separate from your everyday spending cash and earn interest, which helps increase your overall balance without extra effort on your part. 
• These accounts are federally insured for up to $250,000 per account owner, per financial institution, per ownership category at banks insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. (FDIC), or at credit unions insured by the National Credit Union Administration (NCUA). And because they’re insured, they offer a safe place to put your money while earning interest.

How does a savings account work?

You’ll open a savings account at a bank or credit union, either online or in person, similar to opening a checking account. You’ll have to provide the institution with personal information to verify your identity and then deposit money into the account, meeting whatever minimum requirements are set out by the bank. 

Once you’ve made a deposit, the money in your savings account will begin to earn interest. You can withdraw money out of your account whenever you want, but some institutions limit the amount of withdrawals you can make from a savings account to six per month.

Interest helps your money grow

Your account’s annual percentage yield (APY) is how much interest you’ll earn over the course of one year. It takes into account the effect of compounding, giving you a clearer picture of how much you’ll earn annually. Your bank can compound interest daily, monthly, or annually. 

Savings account APYs are variable, though, and can change at any time based, in part, on changes in interest rates set by the Federal Reserve. 

But let’s assume your high-yield savings account pays a competitive 3.50% APY and the rate stays the same for a whole year. If you deposit $10,000 into that account that compounds interest monthly and leave it alone, you’ll earn over $355 in interest. 

If you continue to add money to your account, your savings will grow quicker. You can use a compound interest calculator to see how deposits into a savings account quickly add up over time.

How to maximize earnings from a savings account

The national average interest rate on savings accounts is low — only 0.62% as of January 17, 2026. Fortunately, there are a few ways to boost your earnings:

• Consider online-only banks: Big brick-and-mortar banks typically offer low yields. Online-only banks tend to offer the best yields. 
• Look at credit unions: A credit union may offer you a better yield than you can find elsewhere. These not-for-profit organizations are member-owned and tend to offer high rates and low fees.
• Get a sign-up bonus: Some banks offer cash bonuses when you sign up for a new savings account. These bonuses can range in the hundreds of dollars. It’s worth keeping an eye on the best bank account bonuses and signing up for an account with a great bonus and a great rate.
• Avoid fees: Some savings accounts advertise an attractive rate, but they come with fees that can eat into your interest rate. Do what you can to avoid incurring fees on your savings account. Better yet, shop for an account with few (or no) fees.

Savings accounts advantages and disadvantages

Some of the pros and cons of savings accounts are:

Pros

• Safety: Savings are safe (within limits) at an FDIC-insured bank or an NCUA-insured credit union.
• Growth: You’ll earn interest on the money you have in the account.
• Liquidity: You can withdraw your money at any time.
• Organization: Keeping savings separate from your spending money makes it easier to track savings progress and curb overspending.

Cons

• APYs are variable: You’ll want to keep an eye on your interest rate.
• Accessibility restrictions: Some institutions restrict the number of withdrawals or transfers to six per statement cycle.
• Not beating inflation: If your savings account yield is lower than the inflation rate, your money will lose purchasing power.

How much should you keep in your savings accounts?

The amount of money to keep in an account varies depending on your savings goals. If, for example, you’re using it as an emergency fund, you should try and keep three to six months’ worth of living expenses in your account.

For example, if you spend an average of $3,000 per month on costs such as your mortgage, car payment and food, you would save anywhere from $9,000 to $18,000 in the account.

If you’re saving for a specific goal — such as a vacation, buying a house or purchasing a car — you would keep enough in the account to pay for that expense.

Consider using a savings calculator to determine how long it would take to reach a specific savings goal, based on how much you contribute to a savings account monthly.

Alternatives to savings accounts

Savings accounts aren’t your only option when it comes to federally-insured places to keep your money. There are other savings products offered by both banks and credit unions that are low-risk and interest-bearing.

• There are other savings products offered by both banks and credit unions that are interest-bearing but have different features. Two of the most common deposit accounts are: 
• Money market accounts: Money market accounts are a type of savings account that also often come with the benefits of a checking account, such as check-writing privileges.
• Certificates of deposit (CDs): CDs are a time-restricted savings account. They hold your money for a specific period of time. In exchange, they pay a guaranteed fixed yield that’s generally higher than savings or money market accounts.

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